Laterality and Gender in Congenital Upper Limb Deficiencies

Laterality and gender in congenital upper limb deficiencies have been an area of debate in prosthetics for many years. Images such as the ‘Limbless children, Moscow’ in 1993 by GerdLudwig in the National Geographic showed a line of 8 children, all with left sided congenital upper limb deficiency.

Upper Limb Deficiencies

The line consisted of 6 girls and two boys. Did this picture depict what has been considered by the experts to be true when it comes to congenital upper limb deficiencies – It is more common on the left side and more common in females? A bias towards more left upper limb congenital absences has been commented on in a number of papers in the late 90’s. There appeared to be no conclusive explanation for this preponderance. A paper by Corballis and Morgan in 1979 suggested that the developing embryo is under the influence of a left-right maturational gradient which seems to favour earlier or more rapid development on the left than the right.

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Hadronic Radiation of Biological Molecules

As hadronic radiation therapy becomes an ever more important treatment method for various forms ofcarcinogenesis, it becomes ever more important to understand the interaction of fast, heavy, ions, such as protons or alpha particles, with biologically significant molecules.

Biological Molecules

In general, this implies understanding of the transfer of the kinetic energy of the incoming ion to electronic energy of the target molecule, which can subsequently lead to fragmentation, and thus loss of function, of the carcinogen target. The use of hadronic radiation projectiles instead of X-rays has a large advantage in modern times, as the energy deposited by hadronic projectiles is much more localized than that from X-rays. Thus, energy from the radiation can be much more accurately focused on the carcinogenic area.

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Usage of Pedorthics in Managing Diabetic Foot

Diabetes is no more the developed countries disease, it has spread its roots equally in the developing country, like in India. Diabetes and its complications are now rapidly becomingthe second threat to human longevity.

Diabetic Foot

There are different types of diabetes, but the common affected areas in all cases start with the foot. The insensate foot leads to the largest trend of amputation. Abnormal pressure on the insensate foot plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers. Failure to relieve pressure is the main cause of non-healing diabetic ulcers. Generally, people on a common note feel that wearing footwear prevents and cures diabetes. But different studies have shown that about 83% of diabetic subjects did not wear appropriate footwear. The common foot disorders start with the collapse of the normal foot arch or generally referred to as the flat foot type.

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Salmonellosis and Shigellosis Associated with Cattle Dung Contaminant from Indigenous Abattoirs, Osun State, Nigeria

Faecal shedding of cattle as well as poultry and poultry products have been implicated as a major source of Salmonella infections in humans.

We sourced to isolate and identify Salmonella and Shigella species from cattle dung in different abattoir of Ile-Ife, Nigeria and to detect the route of cross-contamination of Salmonella and Shigella from animals to humans with antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates recovered.

All 40 samples taken were collected from the dung of freshly killed cows which were placed within sterile plastic containers and transported to the Microbiology Laboratory.

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A Sustainable Approach toward Maize Production: Effectiveness of Farm Yard Manure and Urea N

Maize (Zea mays L.) is grown in north western Pakistan mostly in hilly area, where farmer use farm yard manure (FYM) or urea N for its production solely or in combination.

To optimize the FYM and Urea-N for improved productivity, an experiment was carried out using three level of FYM, i.e., 0.5, 10, 15 t ha-1 either solely or in combination with 50 and/or 100 kg N ha-1 and was repeated during next year.

A control plots having no FYM or urea N was also included. The management of FYM and inorganic N had a profound bearing on maize productivity and improved yield and yield traits.

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